![]() Liam Pedersen is deputy general manager for research at Nissan, a CIRCLES consortium partner who was in Nashville last week for the experiment. Other lead researchers are based at the University of California, Berkeley Temple University and Rutgers University-Camden. The experiment is a project of the CIRCLES consortium, a group that includes several automakers and the U.S. The researchers were able to evaluate the effect the connected cars had on morning traffic flow using a special 4-mile stretch of I-24 outfitted with 300 pole-mounted sensors. That plan was then broadcast to the cars, which used artificial intelligence algorithms to determine the best action to take. At the cloud level, information about traffic conditions was used to create an overall speed plan. The cars’ decision-making occurred on two levels, Work said. In the experiment, the adaptive cruise control was modified to react to the overall traffic flow - including what was happening far ahead - using artificial intelligence. This technology lets the driver set a car to cruise at a certain speed, but the car automatically slows down and speeds up as needed to keep a safe distance from the car in front. They also took advantage of the adaptive cruise control that is already an option on many new vehicles. Working on the premise that if 5% of the cars on the road were acting together, they could lessen the prevalence of phantom traffic jams, the researchers equipped those 100 cars to communicate wirelessly, sending traffic information back and forth. The experiment utilized 100 cars that travelled in loops on a 15-mile section of I-24 from about 6 a.m. Then, as traffic clears, the drivers accelerate too quickly, causing more braking and yet another jam. The wave of braking continues until many cars are at a standstill. ![]() ![]() The next person has to brake even harder. The person behind them takes a second to respond and has to brake even harder. One person taps the brakes for whatever reason. “Phantom traffic jams are created by drivers like you and me,” Work explained. Before long, traffic went from a smooth flow to a series of stops and starts. Researchers there put about 20 human drivers on a circular track and asked them to drive at a constant speed. who have been studying the problem of phantom traffic jams after a simple experiment in Japan a dozen years ago showed how they develop. The professor of civil and environmental engineering at Vanderbilt University is one of a group of engineers and mathematicians from universities around the U.S. In addition to lessening driver frustration, Work said less stop-and-go driving means fuel savings and, by extension, less pollution. In the experiment, specially equipped cars were able to ease rush hour congestion on Interstate-24, researcher Daniel Work said on Tuesday. Human drivers just don’t do a good job of navigating dense traffic conditions, but an experiment using artificial intelligence in Nashville last week means help could be on the way.
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